The Marburg virus, a deadly Ebola-like virus, has recently caused an outbreak in Rwanda, resulting in the death of eight people.
Marburg is a highly infectious viral hemorrhagic fever, part of the same family as the Ebola virus, and is known for its severe symptoms and high mortality rate, according to the World Health Organisation.
The virus was first identified in 1967 during outbreaks in Germany and Serbia, traced to African monkeys that had been imported for research.
It spreads to humans from fruit bats, its natural host, and can then be transmitted between humans through direct contact with the bodily fluids of an infected person, including blood, saliva, or urine.
Once infected, individuals experience symptoms such as high fever, severe headaches, muscle pains, vomiting, and diarrhea.
In severe cases, the virus leads to internal bleeding, organ failure, and shock, which often proves fatal. The mortality rate can range from 24% to 88%, depending on the strain and the effectiveness of medical care.
In Rwanda, health officials have quickly mobilised to contain the spread of the virus, isolating patients and tracing potential contacts. Given its similarities to Ebola, both in symptoms and mode of transmission, containment protocols are crucial in preventing the outbreak from escalating.
There is currently no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine available for Marburg virus, making early supportive care, such as rehydration and symptom management, essential for increasing survival rates.
Efforts are underway globally to develop effective treatments, but in the meantime, public health measures such as isolation, protective gear, and hygiene practices are the best defense against the spread of the virus.
In February more than 200 people were quarantined after nine people died because of Marburg disease.
