Google has made a significant leap in quantum computing with the unveiling of its new chip, Willow, which promises to revolutionise the field.
Google has said that Willow is capable of solving complex mathematical problems in under five minutes—tasks that would take classical supercomputers an unfathomable 10 septillion years to complete.
This breakthrough positions Google as a leader in the race to harness the power of quantum mechanics for practical applications.
WHAT IS QUANTUM COMPUTING?
Quantum computing leverages the principles of quantum mechanics, which govern the behaviour of particles at the atomic and subatomic levels.
Unlike classical computers that process information using bits (0s and 1s), quantum computers utilise qubits. Qubits can exist in multiple states simultaneously due to a phenomenon known as superposition, allowing quantum computers to perform complex calculations at unprecedented speeds.
At the core of Willow’s capabilities are its 105 qubits. While qubits offer enhanced processing power, they are also susceptible to errors caused by environmental disturbances.
Historically, as more qubits are added to a chip, error rates tend to increase, undermining performance. However, Google claims that Willow has overcome this hurdle by implementing advanced error correction techniques that allow for real-time corrections as computations are performed.
WHY WILLOW IS A GAME CHANGER
The implications of Willow’s performance are immense, even if immediate commercial applications remain elusive.
Google envisions future quantum computers tackling challenges in various fields, including medicine, battery technology, and artificial intelligence—areas where classical computers struggle to provide solutions.
Hartmut Neven, head of Google Quantum AI, stated that achieving a “useful, beyond-classical” calculation is the next goal for quantum computing.
Despite this progress, experts caution that practical quantum computers capable of solving real-world problems may still be years away.
While Willow demonstrates exceptional capabilities in benchmark tests, it primarily serves as an experimental tool at this stage. The focus now shifts to developing algorithms that can leverage quantum advantages for commercially relevant tasks.
COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
Google’s announcement comes amidst fierce competition from other tech giants like Microsoft and IBM.
In previous years, Google faced criticism from IBM regarding its claims about earlier quantum chips. However, with Willow’s groundbreaking achievements, Google asserts that it has surpassed previous milestones in error correction and computational speed.
As researchers continue to explore the potential of quantum computing through innovations like Willow, they are optimistic about entering a new era of computational power that could reshape industries and solve problems previously deemed insurmountable.
The journey toward practical applications is just beginning, but with advancements like Willow, the future of computing appears brighter than ever.
INDIA’S TRYST WITH QUANTUM TECH
India is making significant strides in quantum computing, positioning itself as a potential leader in this transformative technology. The government’s commitment is exemplified by the National Quantum Mission (NQM), approved in April 2023 with a budget of â¹6,003.65 crore (approximately $720 million) allocated for the next eight years.
One of the most notable advancements under this mission is the progress towards India’s first quantum computer.
The Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) in Mumbai is nearing completion of a small-scale quantum computer, which is expected to be operational soon. This project aims to develop a 24-qubit system within three years and a 100-qubit system in five years.
Four thematic hubs (T-Hubs) have been established across leading academic institutions such as the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and various Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs).
These hubs focus on key areas including Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication, Quantum Sensing & Metrology, and Quantum Materials & Devices.
